Rewards Influence Comparison Older And Younger Management Essay

Prizes Influence Comparison Older And Younger Management Essay Conceptual Because of the expanding life expectancy and lower birth rates, the world is confronting another provoking period with respect to dealing with the work power. Numerous associations are in a procedure of growing new and key strategies in holding and inspiring the maturing work populace. Presently, the biggest working age contains Baby Boomers who will resign in the accompanying 10 to multi year. The expanding measure of more seasoned individuals in the work advertise causes a move in the inspiration instruments that upper administration of any association utilizes. This exploration paper centers around how inborn and outward rewards impact the inspiration of older representatives in contrast with more youthful. Catchphrases: maturing workforce, natural and outward rewards, work fulfillment, work inspiration, Baby Boomers age, Xers age, generational contrasts. Presentation The issues identified with the worldwide maturing workforce are developing fundamentally in the previous hardly any years. Examination shows that in the following decade, half of the world workforce will comprise of over multi year old representatives (Kanfer Ackerman, 2004; Arnone, 2006; Streb, C. K, Voelpel, S. C., Leibold, M. 2008). The current maturing age of Baby Boomers comprises of individuals who are knowledgeable and prepared yet additionally they dwarf the accompanying Xers age. This reality influences the work advertise and will constrain associations (Arnone, 2006) to utilize new procedures when meeting the desires for their faculty. Examination shows that the bigger the quantity of old laborers the more ramifications organizations will confront (Ng, Thomas W. H., Feldman, Daniel C., 2008). The fundamental dangers for supervisors in the information based economies are the rising hierarchical costs, absence of very much prepared youthful staff and challenges to help the mo re seasoned workers (Goss, 2001). Protecting the more seasoned representatives is an advantage for an association because of their insight and experience. To keep up and animate this gathering of individuals, on other hand is a troublesome and expensive assignment for the upper administration. Prizes are seen to spur workers yet little is realized which sort of remuneration probably influences the exhibition of a more seasoned representative contrasted with a more youthful one (Giancola, 2008). As indicated by Lord Farrington (2006) the maintenance and level of profitability of a representative is the aftereffect of how effectivelly the individual is spurred. The majority of the analysts in this field center around the elements which spur staff all in all yet age is frequently not considered. Little exploration has been led on age contrasts and factors that invigorate inspiration (Lord Farrington, 2006). There is a considerable measure of scholarly writing which inspects the apparent connection between representatives work desires and the real traded compensations consequently. As indicated by Wallace (2006) the traded rewards are exceptionally connected with work inspiration. There are two primary kinds of remunerations inborn and outward (ODriscoll, Michael P., Randall, Donna M. 1999). The two kinds mirror the level of inspiration of a worker. So as to improve the asset methodologies, organizations and analysts should test the connection between workers impression of remunerations, inspiration and their age (Lord Farrington, 2006). It is accepted that individuals having a place with various work ages have likewise assorted prizes inclinations. Subsequently, the objective of this exploration is to research whether remunerates that trigger occupation inspiration among more seasoned laborers are distinctive to those that invigorate more youthful workers. Examination hole An issue which emerges from the current maturing workforce (Baby Boomers) on the planet is the moderately lower level of more youthful authorities (age X) in assortment of business fields (Wallace, 2006). This reality prompts the general move in the hierarchical systems and structures to hold more seasoned individuals longer on their activity positions. It additionally suggests further difficulties, for example, information move and the retirement procedure of the Baby Boomers age. Subsequently, fruitful holding of these workers is firmly associated with inspiration and prizes. There is a broad exploration led on subjects, for example, work inspiration and employment rewards. In any case, generally little consideration has been given to comprehend the effect of specialist age on factors that influence laborer inspiration (Lord Farrington, 2006). There is a generous observational hole in considering the impact of maturing on work inspiration (Kanfer Ackerman, 2004). Employment sparks vary between individuals from the two principle working ages Baby Boomers and Xers (Wallace, 2006). The last severy affects the authoritative procedures since the worldwide workforce is maturing and there is massive need of holding more established individuals. Current writing centers around four principle points: The impact of the worldwide maturing workforce on authoritative structures and systems The components which animate occupation inspiration Kinds of inspiration Existing prizes and rewards frameworks utilized by association This paper manages depicting the impacts of remunerations hands on inspiration as to the two working ages referenced previously. The exploration did centers around the potential contrasts between remunerations inclinations of maturing faculty. The these days normal person born after WW2 is 55 years of age while the normal Xers is 38 years of age. This age distinction may impact the alliance of various occupation rewards which invigorate the work inspiration among the two gatherings. The introduced research hole prompts the accompanying examination question and calculated model. Examination question and Conceptual Model The principle research question tended to in this paper is: What kind of remunerations impact work inspiration among more seasoned representatives in agreement to more youthful? Who is viewed as an old and youthful representative? What are the primary age-related working gatherings? What sort of remunerations exists? How is inspiration animated among workers? Which prizes animate the distinctive work ages? Are there any contrasts between remuneration inclinations of more seasoned and more youthful laborers? The applied model portrays the connection among remunerations and execution. As referenced previously, rewards make fulfillment which expands the activity inspiration (Herzberg F. , 1987). Prizes are viewed as a free factor and occupation inspiration is the needy variable. The arbitrator introduced in this model is the age. It is contended that more established and more youthful workers are persuaded by various prizes. Thus, age impacts rewards which emphatically influence the activity inspiration. In this paper, the tended to questions are broke down and replied by the utilization of a writing. Sort of remunerations and employment inspiration are additionally talked about and portrayed in the writing audit. By the utilization of this writing a few theories are developed and an arrangement how to test these relations is introduced in the strategy. Hypothesis Maturing populace and workforce ages Created nations everywhere throughout the world are as of now managing an uncommon change towards another period of maturing work populace. Exploration shows that the impact of maturing will prompt a littler proportion of the populace being utilized in the years after 2010/2020 (Kunã ©, 2009). In Europe, mature age reliance proportions are required to arrive at 50 percent by 2050 and the projection for the remainder of the mechanical nations worldwide has comparative estimations (Kunã © 2009, Arnone 2006). For instance, in America in 1977, 37% of the workforce was under age 30 contrasted and just 21% in 2002, and just 38% was 40 or more established in 1977 versus 56% in 2002 (Perry, Lance S. 2010; Bond, Thompson, Galinsky, et al, 2003). Examination shows that by the following two decades the maturing populace will twofold and around 80% of the Baby Boomers will remain expertly dynamic in any event, when they arrive at 65 years old (Moberg, 2001). The anticipated segment circumstanc e will make genuine intricacies in the extent of the hierarchical polices, retirement plans, holding staff and information move. Children of post war America age contain a huge level of the information based work advertise (those individuals conceived somewhere in the range of 1946 and 1964) (Head, Baker, Bagwell, Moon, 2006) and since this gathering ages and resigns it is the Xers age (those individuals conceived between 1964 - 1981) who will be required to fill these positions (Wallace, 2006). Be that as it may, this age is many less in numbers than the past age and they are portrayed as being increasingly worried about work-life balance. The most basic age contrasts are identified with the job that work plays in ones life (Kennedy, 2003) and thus, Gen Xers are seen as less faithful and resolved to work, their professions and their managers contrasted with the Baby Boomers (Wallace, 2006). The last age is qualified as being available to difficulties and weight, execution driven and obsessive worker conduct (Lamm Meeks, 2009). Then again, Xers are depicted as the individuals who are imaginative yet in additio n like the fun and familiarity; For them work is a mind boggling challenge and they defeat it with requests for all the more spare time (Lamm Meeks, 2009). Prizes and Motivation Somewhere in the range of forty years back, Hertzberg recommended that proposed that two kinds of remunerations, natural and outward, might be utilized to rouse laborers (Herzberg, 1966;1987). Utilization of remunerations frameworks would be relied upon to prompt better authoritative outcomes. Later in the years, numerous analysts presumed that activity prizes and inspiration are unequivocally and decidedly related. Characteristic prizes are those that exist in the activity itself (Herzberg, 1987a). Models are accomplishment, assortment, challenge, independence, duty, and individual and expert development (ODriscoll Randall, 1999; Mahaney, 2006). They additionally incorporate status, acknowledgment, acclaim from bosses and colleagues, individual fulfillment, and sentiments of confidence (ODriscoll Randall, 1999). Representatives are thoug

To See isn’t to Belong but to Touch is to Feel Essay Example for Free

To See isn’t to Belong however to Touch is to Feel Essay The Cathedral is an extremely fascinating short story that characterizes individuals and places.â Raymond Carver showed how profound visual impairment can understand place and eventually blockades an individual feeling of touch.â There could be places where at least two individuals live or remain near each other yet are truly withdrawn on the grounds that they have set dividers in between.â This numbness has made individuals unfit to perceive what is past in everything with their ordinary vision in which the creator of the short story showed before all else. Profound visual impairment prompts absence of correspondence or understanding.â This is the territory of Bub the storyteller when he initially met Robert who is visually impaired, quite a while companion of his wife.â Robert fills in as the story manager of the narrator’s spouse whose name was never referenced however was essentially called my better half by Bub and my dear to him. The narrator’s voice was shrewdly molded by the pen of the essayist; it portrayed his doubt towards the visually impaired companion of his better half and his agreeable relationship with his wife.â The tone of the story tells about a marriage that is going towards a time of tepidity in spite of to the lady it is as of now a marriage of another opportunity for happiness.â The tones utilized by the author to depict the visually impaired man prefigured a tough man that regardless of his debilitation, Robert is a man who made his touch more remarkable than his eyes. The voices even communicated that it was so unprofitable to portrayed a thing when the eye that can see can not understand what it sees that is the point at which the storyteller at long last remarked â€Å"I’m not doing so great, am I (Carver, 1983)?†Ã¢ But unexpectedly had the option to clarify how the visually impaired man comprehended things when he started to inquired as to whether the artworks are made of fresco paints and that houses of God needs hundred of laborers who might never lived to see their work finished in light of the fact that it takes a hundred years for it to be constructed. Robert disclosed to Bub that a lifetime isn't sufficient to get the hang of everything by saying that â€Å"they’re the same as all of us, right (Carver, 1983)?† The story advises about a man who figured out how to live well without having the endowment of sight of which numerous individuals are unequipped for doing.â Many individuals today resemble Bub who are reluctant to live without their necessities throughout everyday life and are even despondent regardless of what they have. Pal is a genuinely complete individual, amiable yet don't have a profound character in light of his obtuseness towards the necessities of others.â Though he has his childhood and physical qualities he was a deficient individual and that search drove him to utilize cocaine essentially on the grounds that he needed all the more yet just can't get or realize where to take it despite the nearness of a wife.â The lady then again is the female rendition of mankind who tries to be supported and adored yet at the same time was underestimated by her husband.â Her aching to have a place was the explanation she had the option to keep that great fellowship with Robert which as per his better half was only a type of amusement or redirection or a real existence that we summon basically transient. The peak of the story was when Bub’s hand was moved by Robert while outlining the figures of the church as he sees them on the TV screen. Bub’s hand had the option to characterize the lines and the visually impaired man had the option to see through those strokes.â However, that trade of movement instructed Bub to see without gazing and understands place by essentially feeling he was on it as he is being guided by another.â He at long last felt that he is with somebody and that experience made him see without looking. At long last, Bub gained from Robert how to feel through those equivalent hands that had the option to go with Beulah to her deathbed and contacted the essence of his better half with a rich tenderness.â The impairment in Carver’s story had the option to demonstrate to the world the significance of touch on the grounds that the man who feels and realized how to respond that sense makes an individual genuine, solid and lovable.â Craver’s short story shows a man of each man in current occasions, oblivious as long as he does whatever him might want to do and that isolation isolates him from the rest so he see without seeing and that visual deficiency denied him to contact and feel. Before the finish of the story the visually impaired man prevailing with regards to managing Bub to find out about himself and about human correspondence as Robert went after his hand so he also can figure out how a house of prayer truly looks (Donley, 1995).â Bub at long last understood his feeling of spot with an eyes shut when he shouted toward the end that â€Å"It resembled nothing in my life up to now (Carver, 1983).†  References Carver, R. (1983). Church building [Electronic Version]. Recovered 19 April 2008, from http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/educate/cinichol/GovSchool/Cathedral2.htm Donley, C. (1995). Carver, Raymond : Cathedral [Electronic Version]. Recovered 19 April 2008, from http://litmed.med.nyu.edu/Annotation?action=viewannid=744

5 Steps to Create a Video Marketing Strategy for Local Business

5 Steps to Create a Video Marketing Strategy for Local Business Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Steps To Create A Video Marketing Strategy For Local BusinessUpdated On 19/02/2020Author : Chris MarentisTopic : BusinessShort URL : http://bit.ly/2ozlecM CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogBased on the recent 2012 Social Media Marketing Industry Report written by Michael Stelzner and sponsored by Social Media Examiner, video marketing holds the top spot for future plans of marketers. In fact, per the report, seventy-six percent of marketers plan on increasing their use of YouTube and video marketing, making it the top area marketers will invest in for 2012.And it’s no wonder. More and more people are logging onto the Internet to download and stream videos for both personal and business purposes. To keep up with and stay ahead of the competition, it’s a great idea for local businesses to develop a video marketing strategy to promote and build their business.Below a re 5 steps to help you get started!1. Set Goals: What do you hope to accomplish with video marketing? A boost in SEO, expert status, lead generation, or??? By setting goals, you can then determine the types of videos to capture to make your goals happen.2. Develop a list of videos to capture: Based on your goals, what kind of videos should you develop? Some examples of videos a local business can capture include:Customer TestimonialsEmployee TestimonialsHow to videosEducational videosInterviewsEmployees on the job in the officeEmployees on the job in the field3. Make it easy to produce videos: Producing videos is easier than you think. Simply buy a flip camera, a small digital cam-corder, or even a cell phone with built-in video capability, and then give your employees easy access. Take your list of videos you plan on making and assign someone to each and set then loose. Once the videos are recorded, check out the post, 5 Video Editing Tools for Marketing Local Business, to identify the right editing software for quick and easy editing and uploading.READOnline Promotion - What It Means for Business?4. Post videos with keywords in mind: When you post your videos on line, but sure to include keywords relevant to your business in the URL and video title when possible to boost search engine rankings and to help your videos get found.5. Post and share videos: Once your videos are created, you want to post them on YouTube, Facebook and all of your social media sites that allow for video posting. If video posting isn’t possible, then share the link to your video on YouTube. You should also post your videos on your local business website and blog(s), and announce the videos as part of your email marketing campaign.Related Posts:HOW TO: Build A Successful Email Marketing List10 Email Marketing Software For Sending Bulk EmailsCreating videos is an easy and great way to generate more leads and brand loyalty for your local business. In addition to the benefits listed pr eviously, videos can also boost employee participation and be a fun way to engage customers. So if you don’t already have a video marketing strategy in place, use these tips and tools to put one in place as soon as possible, and preferably this week!This article is written by Chris. He writes from real world experience building businesses and closing sales. His company Surefire Social specializes in local business marketing. If you wish to write for HBB, kindly check this.

Analysis Of Piper Cameron Lee The Girl Of My Dreams

I always think about Piper Cameron Lee, the most beautiful girl in the world. Everyday when I see her in the hallway, it s as if I need to stop whatever I m doing and stare at her. Those couple times she looks back at me, my stomach twists and turns and is filled with desire for Piper. Her gorgeous, silky blonde hair flows side to side when she walks. When she struts past me, I can smell the sweet aroma of her perfume. I love listening to the way she talks and giggles. Piper is the girl of my dreams. I want to ask her to be my girlfriend because I believe that we would be the best couple of Whitney High School. Or even the best couple in all of California. Logan catch the football! I faintly hear my father scream. Wha-what? I quietly muttered snapping out of my daydream. Next thing I know, a football comes spiraling towards my lower ribs at a thousand miles per hour. Having the air knocked out of me, I froze in my half-standing position until oxygen reached my lungs. My dad rushes over to me almost tripping over himself. I lay down on the grass in my backyard, clutching my aching upper abdomens. Dad, didn t you see that I wasn t paying attention? I say straining to speak. I m sorry, Logan but what s wrong, you never zone out while we re playing football! Is there something on your mind or something that s bothering you? He questions me. Uh-um, no dad it s nothing. Sorry, let s just get back to the game, I lied. I didn t want to tell him about me

How to Protect and Control Your Online Reputation 2019

In todays economy you cannot afford to have any loose ends – and that means you have to make sure your online reputation will not hinder you from getting a job. A report in the news disclosed that the majority of employers are snooping social networking sites and the rest of the internet as an informal background check. Rants, obscene Facebook photos, and inappropriate Tweets have all come back to haunt their fair share of job hunters. Your digital footprint must not be found at any crime scenes. Rather, it should highlight how great of an overall person you are that would be an asset to any organization. Whats also negative is if someone searching for you on the internet found nothing at all. This shows that you are behind the times and have not done anything noteworthy. Below we take a look at how to protect and control your online reputation. .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747:active, .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ufb1a355f116076e2db54237668d82747:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Nursing and Health Care DegreesGoogle Yourself Google your name and see what comes up. Most people find that the top results of their name are either negative, irrelevant or someone else. Any one of those three can hinder your reputation. Buy Your Own Domain Name Google gives a lot of weight to domains that contain the key word or words being searched for. So if an employer is searching for Bill Jones you should buy up the domain billjones.com. But buying the domain name is just the first step. You then have to put content on your website. Take advantage and put an online resume with a professional looking picture. Domains can be purchased for as low as $3 for an entire year. Set up Profiles on Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter Set up profiles that contain your real name. Do not use nicknames or unprofessional handles like kegdrinker123 or dirtydiva707. They make you look unprofessional and wont help in terms of search engine results. .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57:active, .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u55672d4538da5e2d3ca9bd5f3b0d9d57:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Mechanical Engineering Degree Online A Flexible Degree in the Field of EngineeringBasic Search Engine Optimization You dont have to be a professional SEO expert to do some basic SEO. 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The Whig Theory And The Federalist Party - 1823 Words

The whig theory was one brought forth by the whig party. The whig party was established during the Jacksonian presidency. â€Å"Historically, the label derived from the British political party that opposed the power of the king and supported parliamentary supremacy† In the United States they carried over that type of support. They supported congressional supremacy, and during the age of Jackson they thought that President Jackson had too much power. They believed that the power of the president had been cautiously expanded. They believed it was a threat to separation of powers described by the Constitution. The whigs meant to imply by their name that the Jackson section of the Democratic-Republicans, or plainly the democrats, had disregarded the jeffersonian principles in favor of a monarch who would be elected, they nicknamed him King Andrew the first. Although the attitude of the court system gave support to the whig mentality. This came to a head with Jacksons response to t he supreme court decision over the Worcester vs. Georgia case that almost led to a confrontation between Jackson and chief justice Marshall. This case was about the banishment of the cherokee indians from the state of Georgia. The supreme court said it violated a federal treaty with them. The Stewardship theory was altogether different. It called for power to be limited if specifically forbidden by the constitution. This theory gave the presidential office a more wide ranging power. This theory held thatShow MoreRelatedPolitical Parties And The Democratic Party984 Words   |  4 Pages When looking at the history of US political parties, and classifying these parties into distinct party systems, five separate periods emerge leading up to the current party system. 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Mental Health Nursing From Lived Experience-Samples for Students

Question: Outlinine Practice of Mental Health Nursing from lived experience of Sandy Jeff. Answer: Mental health professionals need to align their services for recovery of patients according to lived experience (Le Boutillier 2011). Recovery might vary amongst patients, mental health professionals can design recovery matched to individual clients need. Principles of recovery in mental health practice enables overcoming situation which an individual faces with mental disabilities. These principles rightly pointed at recovery being not synonymous with cure. Implying health professionals providing recovery has to develop a connection meant at empowerment and healing instilling in a positive culture. Hertfordshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Recovery Principles UK have adopted uniqueness of individual, real choices, dignity and respect, attitude and rights, partnership and communication and evaluating recovery as being pillars for recovery. Uniqueness of the individual directs recovery process to make more meaningful and satisfying for making a purposeful life. It adopts unique n ature of the person for empowering them towards social inclusion. Real choices empower individuals to make choices related to their mental health care themselves. Dignity and respect provides courteous and sensitive interactions for individuals for their beliefs, culture and values. Attitudes and rights includes listening and then acting on such communications. Partnership and communications involves communicating clearly with individuals needing help in a realistic manner. Evaluating recovery is a more con tenuous process focused on enabling individuals to track their own progress. Personal recovery for any individual is a journey, who experiences psychosis distress hence has to be supported by experience of healthcare professionals. In cases of patients experiencing schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders it becomes important to explore core principles of self-determination, as the live they select to live in becomes relevant. Slades, Amering and Oades (2008) Recovery procedures not only extinguishes symptoms of disorders rather it is an unique experience that individuals adopt for the journey they experience (Slade 2008). Recovery for patients Sandy Jeff, who has been facing schizophrenia for past 35 years, has to be self-inflicted. She is a renowned poet who defines her madness by using several verbs in uploaded YouTube video. Healthcare professionals who work exclusively towards patients individual goals then it is more likely that they will in turn engage with them. The scope of this current analysis deals with Sandy Jeff, who felt distraught was locked up in a mental asylum. She is treated badly as a lunatic which is clearly reflected in her poems as she remains locked up in a room. This shows the gap that healthcare professionals have not been able to communicate with her appropriately. She does not rely on her psychiatrists as he treats his all patients similarly as mad persons. Healthcare professionals in mental health nursing needs to attend to individualistic needs and not cater to everyone in similar manner. Their role exists for rendering greater benefits to patients in charting their road to success. Individuals facing mental illness gain recovery through installing in hope, engaging in personal autonomy. Recovery principles have been adapted from the Hertfordshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Recovery Principles, UK. Lived experience refers to an individual state or condition, when faced with mental health condition. Healthcare professionals need to understand lived experience prior to proposing a plan for consumer recovery. When a person faces mental distress in psychosis then she should be supported by experience to help her recover her current state or condition. Recovery is a journey where different people might select different approaches towards integration in case disorder is examined (Gabrielsson 2015). In most of the cases consumer prefers not to analyse disorder as it might lead to depression. AS in case of Sandy Jeff, she already feels depressed by her current mental conditions and the way she is being treated. It is well indicated form the YouTube video that she is treated and might be also called a lunatic and mad person by health professionals and other professionals where she is being given care. Her similar feelings are expressed when she talks about ABC OPEN: Bearing Witness from Speak You Mind, Medicated and Street poetry reading in spoken words from Sandy Jeff are two prominent poems that speaks volumes regarding her feelings. As explained by several authors that when a person experiences poor mental health then they are mentally exhausted and in despair. They are unable to realize their selves and are more reliant on medication as it provides a steady escape from their current conditions without much to engage in. The process of recovery can be exhaustive and often require more engagement than a consumer of mental health condition can deal with. Here the role of a professional is integral as they make consumers realize their internal voices and lowers dosage of medication such that consumers can participate in the process of self-re covery rather than depending upon medication. There are no single mode to recovery which healthcare professionals in mental health needs to realize and offer their consumers. Meehan, King, Beavis and Robinson (2008) proposed that recovery is a personalized and highly individualistic in nature, therefore healthcare professionals need to develop in-depth understanding of patients prior to proposing a plan (Meehan 2008). In absence of in-depth understanding patient as Sandy Jeff will not be able to gain hope or engage abilities of writing poems again. She will not be able to live an active life of personal autonomy, establish social identity again or have a purpose of life with a positive self-sense. Recovery has to be made synonymous with cure as psychiatrists and other healthcare professionals merely was successful in establishing Sandy Jeff as a mad person, by locking her away in a house with other lunatics. She deeply felt that her case was different, hence she should have been treated in a separate manner compared to others. She lost all hopes, empowerment, connections and healing as her internal conditions deteriorated. Healthcare professionals in her case was unable to provide external care needed to facilitate recovery process (Ng, 2011). Meaning that healthcare professionals was not able to apply National framework for recovery-oriented mental health services guide for practioner and providers. Recovery principles as adapted from Hertfordshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Recovery Principles in UK, states regarding uniqueness of an individual, real choices, attitudes and rights, dignity and respect, partnership and communication and finally evaluation of process of recovery. Healthcare professionals need to provide external condition for facilitating the process of recovery by implementing human rights, recovery oriented services within a positive culture of healing. Frese III, Knight and Saks (2009) established a recovery process for schizophrenic patients by ensuring mental health services are delivered in a manner that meets needs of mental health patients (Frese III 2009). Healthcare professionals should not be fixed on a single method of recovery of consumers, as case of Sandy Jeff experiencing mental condition is unique to others. Studies establish that almost 75% individuals experiencing schizophrenia have a recovery journey based on living life according to their own terms. This implies that recovery process is research studies for this condition is focused on personal approach which is self-directed. While many health professionals disagrees of ways to recovery by means of measuring or taking decisions regarding recovery processes. However consu mers feel that professionals are not at decision making end for arriving at a suitable process for them. Earlier traditional mechanisms involved in recovery of an individual diagnosed with schizophrenia is given antipsychotic medication and then made to engage with the social environment (Tew, 2012). Meaning here professionals have interchanged and made use of the concept of recovery and cure which cannot be applied for this conditions. In traditional method a person post giving medication is made to go back to normal life engagement as if the condition never prevailed. Contemporary approach developed by William Anthony analyses the process of recovery by not only considering symptoms but also there cessation. According to his recovery process the individual is made to move beyond symptoms by reassessing their goals along with aspirations by assuming newer capabilities. Healthcare professionals have to indulge in sense of lived experience to help consumer overcome ones own condition and establish new sets of goals and aspirations. For Sandy Jeffs case, it can be ascertained that she needed to be counseled by communicating with her. She had been directed and cured inappropriately by ignoring her understanding of her poetic nature and lyrical capabilities. Pouncey and Lukens (2010) diagnose the ethical tension between madness and the path to self-recovery (Pouncey 2010). Professionals tend to provide similar services for all consumers facing mental conditions, which lead to concealing a mental disorder. There is an ethical tension of way of establishi ng self-directed recovery as against madness. Individuals who have been helped in their recovery process by identifying a suitable method for them are able to carry on with their normal lives. While others prefer to keep quite regarding their mental disorder in case they had gone through an inappropriate treatment phase. Schizophrenic patients if directed towards self-recovery process are capable of returning to their independent living and roles. Sandy Jeff in this case was made to recover from her current stage, where she can easily go back into writing poems and other lyrics contributing to the society in a rich manner (Jeff, 2002). Role of a professional in mental health care is immense as they are ones who guide consumers in a knowledgeable manner. Healthcare professional in this domain needs to care with consumers rather than care for consumers. Meaning they need to engage themselves in the process of self-recovery for a lived experience path to recovery. Schizophrenia is a debatable mental illness affecting a significant portion of the population. Clinical and personal recovery plan has to be focused on similar goals to overcome challenges faced in this illness. Recovery is a challenging process that needs to be defined individually for each and every consumer. Healthcare professionals needs to identify differences that allows them to set individualistic goals for consumer benefits. Contemporary process of mental recovery focuses on set of process of care rather than cure, meaning professionals need to make a change from medication to self-directed communicative recovery process. Individual facing schizophrenia is bound to face other challenges as social isolation, loss of self-identity and stigma hence care has to be directed to inflict a positive sense of self within the individual. Professionals has to design recovery as per lived experience of individuals facing mental ill health to collaborate with them and work towards a full p rocess of personal recovery. Reference Lists Frese III, F. J., Knight, E. L., Saks, E. (2009). Recovery from schizophrenia: With views of psychiatrists, psychologists, and others diagnosed with this disorder.Schizophrenia bulletin,35(2), 370-380. Gabrielsson, S., Svenstedt, S., Zingmark, K. (2015). Person?centred care: clarifying the concept in the context of inpatient psychiatry.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences,29(3), 555-562. Jeff, S. (2002). A Thesaurus of Madness. In Jeff, S, Poems from the madhouse (2nd ed.).(pp 77-78) North Melbourne, Vic.: Spinifex, Poem in written words (pp 77-78) Le Boutillier, C., Leamy, M., Bird, V. J., Davidson, L., Williams, J., Slade, M. (2011). What does recovery mean in practice? A qualitative analysis of international recovery-oriented practice guidance.Psychiatric services,62(12), 1470-1476. Meehan, T. J., King, R. J., Beavis, P. H., Robinson, J. D. (2008). Recovery-based practice: do we know what we mean or mean what we know?.Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,42(3), 177-182. Ng, R. M., Pearson, V., Chen, E. E., Law, C. W. (2011). What does recovery from schizophrenia mean? Perceptions of medical students and trainee psychiatrists.International Journal of Social Psychiatry,57(3), 248-262. Pouncey, C. L., Lukens, J. M. (2010). Madness versus badness: the ethical tension between the recovery movement and forensic psychiatry.Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics,31(1), 93-105. Slade, M., Amering, M., Oades, L. (2008). Recovery: an international perspective.Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences,17(2), 128-137. Tew, J., Ramon, S., Slade, M., Bird, V., Melton, J., Le Boutillier, C. (2012). Social factors and recovery from mental health difficulties: a review of the evidence.The British Journal of Social Work,42(3), 443-460.

Education Without Borders Essay Example

Education Without Borders Essay Education Without Borders Superintendent Tom Boasters has put Denver Public Schools (DIPS) on the fast track to be the first school district in the nation to hire fully qualified, previously undocumented immigrants to teach in classrooms. Boasters trailblazing decision to hire undocumented educators under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACCA) initiative will bring a much desired wealth of diversity into Deniers multicultural classrooms. This progressive course of action will positively impact the educational development of undocumented students by providing culturally expensive teaching, bilingual educators, and mentors who share the same life experiences. The DACCA memorandum, authored by the Obama Administration, took effect on August 1 5th, 2012. It provides the U. S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (CUSCUS) with a clear process for exercising deportation relief. Such relief is intended for individuals who meet specific guidelines and who have been approved for deferred action under DACCA. This directive will provide thousands of undocumented children and young adults brought to the United States before the age of sixteen, the opportunity to further their education and obtain gainful employment while working toward permanent citizenship. In order to teach under the DACCA initiative, all applicants are required to attain a bachelors degree from an accredited university, and have an undergraduate GAP 2. 50 or greater. During the first year, approved applicants will receive a alternative provisionary teaching license issued by the Colorado Department of Education. We will write a custom essay sample on Education Without Borders specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Education Without Borders specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Education Without Borders specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Following the initial year, educators will be issued a traditional teaching license after completing a series of predatory educational programs offered at the University of Colorado Denver (CUD). DIPS officials, with cooperation from Teach For America (TEA), have been responsive to the DACCA initiative by hiring and actively pursuing suitable individuals that meet this specific criteria. One of the first teachers hired under the DACCA charge is Alexandra Funnies Mean. Mean was brought to the United States from Chile when he was four years old. He graduated from Whitman College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology, and is currently a fifth grade teacher at the Denver Center for International Study at Ford Elementary School in Deniers Monticello neighborhood. Mens experience of coming to the U. S. As a child, while living under the contemptuous veil of an illegal immigrant, has given him a unique perspective that helps him connect emotionally and culturally with impressionable students. Mens students can very easily relate to his plight and envision the possibility that they, too, can successfully graduate from high school, go on to earn a college degree, and use that education to give back to their community. Mean proudly explains, The impossible that existed in my childhood is something that is plausible and a reality now. I now have the opportunity to impact my students and show them that they too can achieve at the highest levels (Denver Public Schools: Communications Office 2014 ). Cultural influence and motivation from educators like Mean, leave long lasting impressions on undocumented and documented students alike. This in turn, expands educational equality, boosts civic participation, and increases economic opportunity in local communities. These young men and women bring extraordinary talent to our classrooms, explains Boasters. We have many, many kids whose stories are like Alexandria. When they [students] see the accomplishments of a nouns man like Alexandra, and hes their teacher with such ability and enthusiasm, I think he brings tremendous hope (Garcia 2014). Hope, inspiration, and a sense of self-worth are valuable components educators like Mean can bring to students in Deniers urban classrooms. As Denver schools become more ethnically diverse, DIPS will need to continue to find new and improved ways to keep students engaged. Hiring teachers with a bilingual skill set, along with the implementation of culturally responsive teaching, are two crucial components DIPS officials need to effectively empower and enrich the classroom experience of immigrant students. Colonization in the classroom starts when educators consciously bring care and empathy into the learning environment. In an ethnographic study of bilingual classrooms, Dry. Sheila M. Shannon states, in several studies, the teacher is clearly seen as the determiner of the culture of the classroom (322). This authority gives bilingual teachers the ability to shape the cultural narrative and linguistic context of classrooms, to fit the distinct needs of students. The ability to interact and teach students in their native language helps educators transform from the moniker of ordinary teacher, into a leader and role model, in the hearts and mind of students. Cultural familiarity stimulates comprehension Comprehension spurs interaction Interaction manifests into participation, and participation is a catalyst for validation. This is the gap in bilingual responsiveness Boasters is attempting to bridge in Deniers public school system. The theory of culturally responsive teaching is defined as using the cultural characteristics, experiences, and perspectives of ethnically diverse students as conduits for teaching them more effectively (Richly, and Graves 2012, Gay 2002). It is believed that students become more engaged and absorb information more fluently when they are comfortable in their learning environment. Engagement is advanced when English-language learners, which account for thirty percent of the DIPS student population, are immersed into bilingual and culturally familiar classrooms that present a curriculum that reflects students values and traditions. Geneva Gay, a Professor of Education at the University of Washington-Seattle asserts, Students feel validated and capable of learning presented information when the methods used to resent information is culturally responsive (Gay 2002). This reasoning gives a certain gravitas to Boasters edict to hire educators like Mean during a time when immigration reform is a hot-button issue in the U. S. Political landscape. Non-profit organizations like The Colorado Alliance for Immigration Reform (CAIRO) do not agree with the Boasters decision to employee undocumented teachers under the DACCA initiative . CAIRO claims hiring undocumented teachers will take Jobs away from qualified and experienced American teachers who are currently unemployed. This argument is a hasty generalization that contradicts Dips insistent challenge to find effective bilingual educators willing to teaching in urban classrooms. Boasters explains, In order to meet the demand [for bilingual teachers], we actually go overseas (Garcia 2014). In fact, undocumented teachers like Mean have to apply for open Jobs and go through the same application and interview process as everyone else, insists Shares Dairy, the Managing Directors of Regional Communications of TFH (You-His Lee, 2014). Cairns nationalistic and xenophobic stance on the DACCA initiative is extremely short-sighted and based on political talking points. The decision by DIPS officials to hire DACCA recipients as educators in Deniers urban classrooms contributes to Colorado cultural mosaic, and promotes equality in Deniers evolving educational system. Engagement and participation is primed when emotional and cultural connections are made between teachers and students. The relationships forged by teachers and students with familiar backgrounds, visavisa undocumented and bilingual, positively affect a broad scope of outcomes for children and young adults in society. Students who feel validated in classroom will be empowered to further their education, which will impede high school drop-out rends, reduced crime, and hinder staggering minority incarceration rates. I believe history will Judge the DACCA initiative as progressive and revolutionary shift in ongoing civil rights battle.

Abolition of Capital Punishment in California essays

Abolition of Capital Punishment in California essays The Abolition of Capital Punishment in California: A Legal California, and indeed the entire United States, has a lengthy tradition of capital punishment. Since the state's inception in 1850, California has sanctioned the death penalty as means to punish, deter, and, perhaps most significantly, seek retribution for certain offenses. However, in 1972, the United States Supreme Courts Furman v. Georgia decision held the death penalty unconstitutional. Citing the 8th Amendment barring cruel and unusual punishment, the court effectively stuck down all death-penalty statutes throughout the country. This decision had little to do with the moral questions posed by capital punishment; rather it was the manner in which sentences were being arrived at and who was punished that concerned the majority of justices. This decision marked a vital change in law nationwide and forced states to re-evaluate and revise their capital punishment statutes, in an effort to provide less arbitrary and more considerate sentencing. California thus restructured its law to include the two-stage, guilt and penalty phase trial, ushering in the modern era of capital punishment in the state. Current incarnation of the law allows a death sentence to be prescribed for homicide convictions with special circumstances only, and requires that juries consider both mitigating and aggravating circumstances during sentencing. While these revisions have resulted in relatively more just and accurate sentencing, it remains impossible to completely eliminate the human factors that influence and skew such legal decisions. In mind it follows that this possibility raises a higher moral question to Californians: is this a sound and fair manner with which to administer justice? Moreover, does and has capital punishment proven beneficial enough to the people of the state to merit its continued application? ...

Why Protestantism developed in North America Essay

Why Protestantism developed in North America - Essay Example Protestantism came to North America a few days before Christmas in 1606 through the Englishmen under King James. They carried with them their official religion known as the Church of England. However, their goal to baptize the Indians who were then thriving in the Virginia failed. Years later, the Puritan separatists from the Church of England who first migrated to Holland were permitted to build colonies in New England which was later became the United States. This marked the famous entry of Protestantism in the country. Puritans, like their Anglican predecessors were not able to maintain their doctrinal and spiritual rigor giving way to the birth and growth of other denominations like Methodists, Baptists, and Presbyterian. It can be seen that the doctrines held by Protestantism hugely mirrors the pluralistic values of North America. It should be noted that a religion can only prosper and flourish if it embodies the concerns of the individuals in the society (Bauer 1). Looking at the Baptists and Methodist Churches in the United States, it can be seen that their success can be attributed to their ability of successfully meeting the needs of the frontier people than any other denomination: "In face of the new challenge to the Churches, their view of the ministry and the Christian faith was most successful in finding and holding the people of the west. Furthermore, they were from their inception Churches of the common people, the underprivileged" (Bauer 6). Baptists Churches became popular in North America because of their appeal to the common people, the uneducated and dispossessed. Their ministry is led by simple individuals who have heard their calling from the Lord. Thus, the great advantage of Baptists is the abundance of workers in a locality. It should also be noted that Baptist's ministers are untrained and unsalaried (Bauer 6). Like the Baptists, Methodism is also considered as a "frontier faith" which developed after the American Revolution. The development of Methodism is also due to its "frontier structure" which suits the environment and people they are ministering to. Their ministers often travel from place to place conducting classes which latter grow as churches allowing them to reach people in isolated regions. In specific localities, it is also common to find gifted laymen who are appointed to preach if the minister is absent. This ensures that Bible studies and congregational activities are being carried out regularly. The Methodist Church is also seen to preach a "frontier message" as it carries a gospel which stresses the dignity of the poor and rural families: "The circuit riders proclaimed that their faith and that of their congregations was of more worth in the sight of God than the college-learned theologies of elite city preachers and their wealthy churches" (Methodism and the Frontier 1) Protestantism also owes its stability and sustenance to the numerous revivals which renews the commitment of members to their covenant with God. The Great Awakening is noted to have united 4/5 of Americans in the understanding of the Christian faith and life. This revival has also instilled a deeper sense of responsibility for the Indians and slaves. It should be noted that Protestantism strongly opposes slavery and emphasizes the equality of each

Rubber Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rubber - Research Paper Example â€Å"Rubber is also useful as an adhesive, a coating composition, a fiber, a moulding compound and an electrical insulator.† (Rubber)Apart from natural rubber, artificial rubber also invented later. The history and background of rubber can be an interesting topic because of the conspiracy about the origin of rubber. â€Å"Until recently, modern thinkers believed rubber originated in 19th century Europe. According to a Tech Talk article published by Massachusetts Institute of Technology on Wednesday, July 14, 1999, Professor Dorothy Hosler, Assistant Professor Sandra Burkett and an undergraduate named Michael Tarkanian learned that the Mayan people in ancient Mesoamerica made and used rubber as long ago as 1600 BCE.† (Snider) Though the extensive use of rubber just like at present was not known to the Mesoamericans. The first use for rubber was an eraser. It was Magellan, a descendent of the famous Portuguese navigator, who suggested this use (Brief History & Introduction of Rubber) Still rubber is used as an eraser and there are not much substitutes or competition for rubber in this area also. In fact the peculiar thing about rubber is that there is no substitute for many uses of rubber. For example, for tire making, tube making or for an eraser making we don’t have any other subs tances to replace rubber. In 1839, Charles Goodyear accidentally dropped rubber and sulfur on a hot stovetop, causing it to char like leather yet remain plastic and elastic. Vulcanization, a refined version of this process, transformed the white sap from the bark of the Hevea tree into an essential product for the industrial age (Butler) The modern methods of vulcanization of rubber has invented later. The vulcanization character of rubber is made use in the making of tires, tubes and many other material manufacturing. Vulcanization makes rubber material harder, much more durable and also more resistant to chemical attack. Vulcanization of rubber is done by mixing of

Marriages In Frankenstein Jane Eyre English Literature Essay

Marriages In Frankenstein Jane Eyre English Literature Essay Though feminists have long questioned the institution  of marriage by claiming that it has been a fundamental site of womens oppression, it is not until the 19th century that organized feminist movements began to emerge and feminist voices grew louder and stronger. Meanwhile, in the 19th century British literature, both some women writers and men writers began to focus on the well-being of women, their social position, and women and men relationship in their literary works; one of the crucial issues they are concerned with is the issue of marriage. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of marriages in three 19th century British novels-Frankenstein, Jane Eyre and The Odd Women in order to offer a general idea of the feminist progress in the 19th century Women in the 19th Century First of all, a general picture is given to showcase womens status in the institution of marriage through the 19th century Briton. As a whole, feminists have long criticized that marriages cast women as inferior by degrading women or constraining their appropriate options and ambitions  [2]  . Marriages reinforce the gendered division of labor, positioning women as domestic and less independent than men. Women were largely described as mentally inferior, irrational, passionate and emotional. It was considered that only marriage justifies their existence, that is, to provide companionship for  men, a cure or moral outlet for lust, a renewal of species  [3]  . As the inferior in the family, women were confined in the domestic sphere to take care of babies and do chores in the house. Though later in the 19th century, some women began to work in factories or as governess, what they did was some low level jobs, and women were paid much less than men (even when they did the same job). In the eyes of the law, women were treated as the second class citizen in society. Women did not exist as legal beings in their own right; in a marriage, women did not possess any property (anything a woman earned or inherited became her mans property, and her earnings were paid directly to him), and even the children belonged only to the husband; husbands legally had rights to beat their wives, provided the stick was not thicker than his thumb; even under the husbands violence, a woman had no rights to sue for divorce  [4]  . Through the 19th century, womens virtue was to be the Angle in the House who was expected to be devoted and submissive to her husband  [5]  . This name seems to redefine a womans role in a marriage, giving her glory and dignity. However, the so-called angel is more a yoke than a crown, because the Angel must be passive and powerless, meek, charming, graceful, sympathetic, self-sacrificing, pious, and above all-pure  [6]  . Under the requirement of being pure, womens sexuality must be repressed. Even in a marriage, the woman was not permitted to enjoy sexual pleasure, or she would be considered by both her husband and others as a whore. Women in the 19th century did not share equal rights with men, and the truth was disclosed and the cure was explored by some 19th century writers. On one hand, many women writers like Marry Shelly and Bronte sisters began to emerge. On the other, some men as well began to speak for the better-off of women, for example, Gorge Gissing. In Mary Shellys Frankenstein, Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre, and Gorge Gissings The Odd Women,  women and marriages were important and meaningful themes informing of the 19th century feminist awareness. In Frankenstein, Elizabeth was killed on her wedding night with Victor. Is her death inescapable? In Jane Eyre, why must Rochester be made imperfect to be together with Jane? In The Odd Women, does Rhodas refusal to Everard have other layers of meaning? The answers are related to what the woman character is like. Frankenstein: the Death of Obedient Women in a Patriarchal Institution The marriage between Victor and Elizabeth  is short and bloody. Their wedding room became a tomb for Elizabeth, for on the wedding night, the bride was killed by the monster, Victors own creation. Shelly seems to make the death of Elizabeth, to some degree, quite unreasonable.   How can victor fail to figure out the monsters intention to kill his lover after its numerous killings of his beloved ones- his bother, his sister, and his best friend? Isnt it obvious that the monster aims to make Victor suffer instead of kill him directly? Anyway, Shelly does not believe Elizabeth  can escape death. Elizabeth belongs to Victor since the day she was accepted in the family. She was a pretty present  [7]  that Victors mother gave him, and that, luckily, won Victors protection and love. As was said by Victor, since till death she was to be mine only  [8]  . However, Elizabeth brings hurt to Victor as well, for Victors most beloved mother died for nurturing the sick Elizabeth. Soon after his mothers death, Victor left for Ingolstadt. Though the death of Victors mother did not diminish his love for Elizabeth, it did lit dangerous fire in Victors heart-to make dead alive. The birth of Victors monster brings about the agony of Frankenstein family, including Elizabeth. During Victors struggle with the monster, Elizabeth became his sole soothe and comforts. Unfortunately, his final hope of happiness was destroyed due to Victors ignorance. Victor blamed the monster that had blinded him to his real intentions  [9]  . Anyway, it is Victor that had created the killer who finally d estroyed Elizabeth (does Victor unconsciously want Elizabeth dead?). The tragedy of Elizabeth and Victors marriage is doomed. Elizabeth is a perfect  lady of the day-pure, beautiful and willing to sacrifice for Victor. It is reasonable to believe that she would have been an Angel in the House if her  marriage with Victor had not been disturbed by the monster. Ironically, the monster is her mans creation.  In this sense, Elizabeths death embodies the womens sacrifice in a patriarchal marriage. As is known, Marry Shelly is the daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft (author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman) who is considered to be one of the major figures of first wave feminism. Influenced by her mother, Shelly also highlights the inequalities between the sexes. In Frankenstein, as an embodiment of subservient women, Elizabeths death is inescapable. Jane Eyre: Pursuit of Gender Equality in a Marriage Jane and Rochester are from different classes. One is the master, while the other is a governess; one is rich,  while the other is poor. Rochester with his good blood and fortune is thought by the hierarchical system to deserve a beautiful and graceful lady like Ingram. Even though there is this huge gap between Jane and Rochester, Charlotte Bronte deliberately plotted a happy marriage between them which exhibits gender equality. To gain this gender equality, Jane must be subversive to social oppression on women, and meanwhile, Rochester has to reconcile himself to the demands of gender equality. Different from social and religious norms of women-to be obedient, Jane is a subversive woman. She is blessed by Charlotte Bronte with her wish of a woman, that is, to have minds and independence, and deserve a good man who cherishes a woman for her mind instead of outward beauty and material wealth and who regards her as an equal companion. All these blessings require Jane Eyre to be subversive against both class and gender inequalities in the contemporary society. Janes left from Rochester and her refusal to St John is her struggle to get away from being chained by gender inequalities. St John is a typical patriarchal man who also embodies the religious oppression on women. In his eyes, Janes virtue is to marry him and accompany him to fulfill his mission. He expects Jane to obey him, to satisfy him, and to please him, because he is in the name of Gods clergyman. However, this god refuses Jane to be like St John and to do the same things. What the god wants from Jane is to ask her to fulfill a wifes duty, and its church gives St John more power than Jane. Janes own identity is threatened in his realm. I felt daily more and more that I must disown half of my nature, stifle half my faculties, wrest my tastes from their original bent, force myself to the adoption of pursuit for which I had no natural vocation  [10]  . Janes refusal to St John is her struggle against outward oppression, while her left from Rochester is her struggle against her own weakness. Rochester and Jane see each other as soul mate. They determined to get married regardless of the gap between their statuses. However, Rochesters mad wife became an invincible obstacle that made their marriage impossible. Jane was confronted with two choices: to be Rochesters mistress, or to leave Rochester forever. Although Jane loves Rochester and would like to accompany him, she finally chose to leave Thornfield. Jane realized that there was still distance between Rochester and her. She is the paid subordinate who was less beautiful than Rochesters other mistresses. Moreover, she remembers Rochesters degradation of his other mistresses. Hiring a mistress is the next worse thing to buying a slave: both are often by nature, and always by position, inferior; to live familiarly with inferior is degrading  [11]  . Jane would prefer to earn thirty pounds a year as a governess than be hired as a mistress or brought as a slave. Jane rejected Rochester and left; this way , she could main mentally equal with Rochester. Charlotte believes Jane deserves to be together with Rochester, but their union can be possible only when Jane and Rochester are totally equal. To win this equality, the  stronger one shall be weakened, while the weaker one shall be made better. As it turned out, on their way to be together, Jane becomes stronger both in terms of her mind and economic power; while Rochester becomes less strong due to  the burn down of Thornfield and his loss of eyesight. The Odd Women: Willing to Be the Odd and New Women Rhoda in The Odd Women by Gorge Gissing is another subversive woman. Different from Jane, she finally refused marriage.  Rhodas refusal to marriage embodies a huge step that women take in protecting their rights. As was in the 19th century Briton, the unmarried women were considered odd which means abnormal, strange and eccentric  [12]  . Being odd is marked with radical and agony by the patriarchal society. In The Odd Women, Rhoda does not believe Everard (or any other man) can give her an independent and free life after marriage. Her determination to refuse marriage is made gradually. At first, Rhoda thought she had chosen the single life for a life time with conviction. She scorns marriage as well as those weak women who regard marriage and men as indispensable. However, Rhoda, in some part of her heart, still is weak. After she and Everard fell in love, she forced Everard to propose to her. Rhodas decision to refuse marriage is eventually consolidated after her witness of M onicas experience. Monica, afraid of being odd and poor, married Widdowson. Soon after their marriage, Widdowson was overwhelmed with jealousy and possessiveness which symbol the stifling patriarchal values, and Monica fell in love with another man which embodies womens failed flee. Their marriage ended in Monicas death for childbirth. After Monicas death, Rhoda eventually made her determination to refuse Everard. Rhoda, after her refusal of Everard, with Miss Barfoot belongs to the new women who are willing to be odd. They ignore the spell of being odd, and work to alleviate the social plight in which women find themselves by training them to be fit for positions  [13]  . Gorge Gissing, like Charlotte Bronte, also gives the feminism blessings. The end of marriages (Monica and Widdowson, Rhoda and Everard), the new born girl in Rhodas arm, and the flourishing of Miss Barfoots work (like a green bay-tree) promise the bright future of the new women like Rhoda and Miss Barfoot. To sum up the above mentioned marriages in the novels, through the death of Elizabeth in her marriage with Victor, Shelly highlights the sacrifice of the obedient women in the patriarchal institution of marriage; Jane Eyres marriage with Rochester shows her pursuit of gender equality; Rhoda Nunns refusal to marry Everard marks the emergence of the new women. Charlotte Bronte and Gorge Gissing conveyed their support of feminist awakening by describing subversive characters in their novels. Overall, the 19th century British literature exhibits the contemporary feminist voices, that is, women are awaking and asking for greater freedoms, more social opportunities, and equal status with men. Citations: Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, Ltd. 1937. David, Deirdre. Ideologies of Patriarchy, Feminism, and Fiction in The Odd Women'. Feminist Studies, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Spring, 1984), p 117. Lesser, Wendy. Even-Handed Oddness: George Gissings The Odd Women . The Hudson Review. Vol. 37, No. 2 (Summer, 1984), pp. 211. Nadelhaft, Jerome. The English Womans Sexual Civil War: Feminisn Attitudes Towards Men, Women, and Marriage 1650-1740. Journal of the History of Ideas. Vol. 43, No 4 (Oct. Dec., 1982). Shelly, Mary. Frankenstein. London: Penguin Books. 1978.

Rousseau and Duty to the State Essay -- Philosophy

It is generally agreed that the great philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau and the artist Jacques-Louis David had played a great role in serving and supporting the French Revolution, in addition to, showing their devotion to their state and explore the notion of duty to the state each one by his own special way. The great philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau had inspired the revolution by his argument and ideas that was based on Reason. He played a great role in exploring the notion of duty to the state by providing the public with his argument in the social contract,which was frequently quoted and referred to during the early stages of the Revolution. The social contract was concerned to establish whether or not the authority of the state is legitimate. His fundamental problem is to find a way in which we can live in a state and yet remain as free as before. He explained that, this only could be achieved if the general will of the individual always coincide with the will of the state. Therefore, he had recourse to the concept of the general will, which is defined as "the general will of a group taken as a whole rather than as a collection of individuals." He tried to convince us of this by describing the difference between the state of nature and the civil state, and in effect, asking which we think is better. To be in the state of nature, would be to act on appetite and so be slavish and bad. To be in the civil state, is to act according to reason and so be noble and good. We ought constantly to bless the moment that we moved in to the civil state because this gives us the chance to be noble and good .So,says Rousseau it is in each of our interests to choose the general will .Therefore, if we think according t... ... and dimmed color of Brutus giving a broad tonal range,this tends to sharpen the impact of dramatic contrast. It seems that the formal elements of this painting are conspiring to focus our attention toward the grieved women,and to show us how brave is Brutus' decision,that he even neglect his family's sorrow and even turn his back away from his sons' bodies .He commit his decision unhesitatingly,raising the voice of duty to the state over everything else even his own flesh and blood . Finally, we can conclude and detect a lots of similarities between the ways in which Rousseau and David did explore the notion of duty to the state .Both of them believed in the great role of philosophy and art in educating the public, therefore,they used their profession successfully to express their devotion to state and serve their country,each one by his own way .

Negro Art

The year 1919 witnessed the start of a very important movement in the creativity in arts by the black Americans. This movement is known as the Harlem Renaissance – the flourishing of African American cultural and intellectual life. It featured the creativity of the â€Å"Negroes† in the field of arts, catering to their every need, like literature, drama, music, visual art, and dance. It encouraged the artist in every black American to stand up and be recognized. New York City’s Harlem would be the center stage for painters, sculptors, musicians, and writers to produce works of art. During this time art was given a huge responsibility; it would become the main medium through which the African American race would strive for equality.Black Writers and the â€Å"Negro† ArtMany black writers, such as Alain Locke, W.E.B. DuBois, and Langston Hughes wrote specifically about the importance of art and its ability to promote equality. Although many black writers agr eed with this idea, other more conservative writers did not; such is the case with George S. Schuyler. In his work â€Å"The Negro-Art Hokum† Schuyler states that race and art are separate, and there is no â€Å"Negro Art† but only American art. While his integrated and collective view of art may have a positive outlook in our time, it was less than encouraging for those living during the Harlem Renaissance. Looking at both sides would mean exploring the depths of how these writers understood â€Å"Negro Art† and â€Å"American Art†.Alain Locke and â€Å"The New Negro†The importance of art was first exposed by Alain Locke in his famous essay â€Å"The New Negro†. This essay is often seen as the catalyst for the emergence of a new movement within the African American society. Written in 1925, Locke aims to tell the nation that African Americans are changing and adapting under the social prejudices that have previously been forced upon them. T he mind of the ‘New Negro’ is moving away from social discourse, and it is â€Å"shaking off the psychology of imitation and implied inferiority† (Locke pg).  A new group of people are being formed; he calls them the ‘New Negro’. Locke calls for artistic contributions by the black race. He believes that with art, the race will gain cultural recognition; he looks at the role of art as â€Å"a bridge between individuals and cultures† (Gates 984). This is a transformation of some sort; something which doesn’t rely on how things are usually done: something that embraces a new psychology and possesses a new spirit.Alain Locke’s â€Å"The New Negro† aims to define the new black American; lifting him from the images of slave trades and plantation workers. He explains how the old concept of â€Å"Negro† is more of a mythical figure, something which the society has dictated it to be. This is usually a view of the oppressed poor, being stepped on while some people are holding them back. These characteristics however, were more of a â€Å"conceived† trait rather than a â€Å"perceived† trait.The society thinks that up until that time, the Negroes were low lives who are incapable of artistic appreciation and production. They have their eyes closed about the Negro’s achievements, including literature, music and visual arts. Alain Locke’s â€Å"The New Negro† is not necessarily introducing a new breed of black Americans. It is more of an eye-opener of what these people have created and what they’re capable of doing in the context of art.W. E. B. Du Bois and his â€Å"Criteria of Negro Art†The following year W. E. B. Du Bois contributed similar views of art and race with his speech â€Å"Criteria of Negro Art†, in which he specifically defines art as the key to equality among the races. He states that art is propaganda and that it should always be pro paganda. DuBois feels that art is a way of proving ones humanity. â€Å"Just as soon as the black artist appears, someone touches the race on the shoulder and says. ‘He did that because he was an American, not because he was a Negro; he was born here; he was trained here; he is not a Negro—what is a Negro anyhow?He is just human; it is the kind of thing you ought to expect† (Du Bois pg). This portrait of racial equality through art is an inspiring call for the emergence of black artists. According to Du Bois, black American art should utilize truth as a tool. Since art is propaganda, it should aim to seek the truth and show the truth. Artists will fully understand art if they are truthful with what they create, with what they write; artists should be truthful with the way they handle their art.â€Å"The Negro-Art Hokum† vs. â€Å"The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain†In 1926, the June issue of The Nation featured â€Å"The Negro-Art Hokum† by George S. Schuyler as well as Hughes’s response piece â€Å"The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain†. The magazine had angered Schuyler by appointing Hughes as a critic before the article had even appeared (Kuenz 174). Ultimately, the pairing of these two essays lends many to play favorites among the two rather than assess each piece as its own subject. As one would expect, Schuyler often receives negative opinions.George S. Schuyler viewed art as something that should not be divided by any race; instead, it should just be recognized through a certain nationality, and in the case of the â€Å"Negro† art, it should just be classified as an American art. Schuyler may have a point, but he was not able to properly explain and defend it. It could mean that he was more concerned in further marginalizing the situation of the black Americans, that’s why he opted for a more general classification which is considering Negro art as American art.â€Å"Aside fro m his color, which ranges from very dark brown to pink, your American Negro is just plain American†¦ Negroes and whites from the same localities in this country talk, think, and act about the same† (Schuyler). He made a mistake however, when he somewhat talked down on the black Americans because it seems that he has no regard for the black culture, saying that it is just a matter of color. He may have generalized on the artistic aspect of black Americans, but they also posses a culture which has essentially contributed in the formation of the country.Schuyler didn’t recognize the existence of the black American culture: â€Å"This, of course, is easily understood if one stops to realize that the Aframerican is merely a lampblacked Anglo-Saxon† (Schuyler). This statement made by Schuyler somewhat looks down on the African American culture, assuming that they have just black counterparts of the white residents of the country.Black Americans have a rich culture , including a wide influence in art. This doesn’t give any person the right to assume that they are just colored counterparts of the majority.One argument that Schuyler raised was that black Americans are living the same lives as white Americans, that’s why there shouldn’t be any difference even in their perception and appreciation of art.â€Å"When the jangling of his Connecticut alarm clock gets him out of hisGrand Rapids bed to a breakfast similar to that eaten by his white brother across the street; when he toils at the same or similar work in mills, mines, factories, and commerce alongside the descendants of Spartacus, Robin Hood, and Eric the Red; when he wears similar clothing and speaks the same language with the same degree of perfection; when he reads the same Bible and belongs to the Baptist, Methodist, Episcopal, or Catholic church.When his fraternal affiliations also include the Elks, Masons, and Knights of Pythias; when he gets the same or similar schooling, lives in the same kind of houses, owns the same makes of cars (or rides in them), and nightly sees the same Hollywood version of life on the screen; when he smokes the same brands of tobacco, and avidly peruses the same puerile periodicals; in short, when he responds to the same political, social, moral, and economic stimuli in precisely the same manner as his white neighbor, it is sheer nonsense to talk about â€Å"racial differences† as between the American black man and the American white man† (Schuyler). This lengthy but meaningful passage by Schuyler could be considered as his basis for the argument that whites and blacks are just superficial concepts.However, he didn’t consider one thing: culture goes beyond what you eat, what you do for a living; it is deeply rooted in the people’s emotions, a basis for their character formation. Once it is imprinted in their personality, these black Americans would surely recognize what is black and wha t is white when it comes to art.â€Å"The Negro-Art Hokum† can be seen in a number of different ways and can easily be misconstrued. It has caused some to view Schuyler as a traitor to his race (Gates 1220).Hughes attacks this presumption in â€Å"The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain†. He argues that African Americans should be proud of their heritage and culture.Langston Hughes’ â€Å"The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain,† he points out that despite living in a country filled with white people, African Americans should never look away from where they truly came from. They should stand up for their heritage and culture, which could be manifested in different forms of art. According to Hughes, the Negro artist is full of potential, because he has a very rich culture backing him up. â€Å"Without going outside his race, and even among the better classes with their â€Å"white† culture and conscious American manners, but still Negro enough to be different, there is sufficient material to furnish a black artist with a lifetime of creative work† (Hughes).This statement means that the Negro could truly afford to be different because they are characterized with a rich culture, as well as great talents that would supply a lifetime of creative works in the form of literature, visual arts, and more. People possessing these skills and talents should not be ashamed of his roots. Instead of succumbing to the white â€Å"Americanization† of these artistic skills, African Americans should focus on how they would be able to make their culture stand out. They should love their own, especially their artists who posses the talent that could match and even surpass any artist from other races.The African American people should learn to appreciate their own creations, and address these as the output of a black American, and not of a commoner. Many blacks wanted to be assimilated by the whites and their culture, but to Hughes, he suggested that it is better to accept what you really are: â€Å"Why should I want to be white? I am a Negro–and beautiful! (Hughes)†The racial mountain is the obstacle which the black Americans should be able to conquer. They may be living in a country full of white people telling them what to do, what to think, and what to follow. The black Americans have to overcome this push-shove treatment being given to them, and that could be realized by strengthening their own culture. They have a lot of potential, added the fact that they posses talented young minds. All they have to do is to stand up to the challenge and prove that they can truly be considered a unique, independent culture.Look at: Race in art†¦ Locke says it’s important, Dubois says it’s important, Hughes says it’s important. Schuyler says there is no race in art- only art. He has a good point- but it seems that he was overlooking the importance it can have for a culture. He see ms to overlook the fact that equality had not yet been achieved and that his fellow artists wanted to gain that equality through art. Its interesting that Schuyler was denying that very vehicle that would hopefully gain the equality he presumed to be already in effect.Schuyler seems ahead of his times. He writes â€Å"The Negro-Art Hokum† in 1926 and argues that there is no Negro-Art; there is simply American Art, and no distinction between the two. Although he makes an understandable argument it seems that he denies the main problem. We can see how one may agree with Schuyler in that both African Americans and white Americans have had an affect on one another. But when we look at what Hughes says about racial pride, it’s hard to agree with Schuyler.Works Cited:DuBois, W.E.B. â€Å"Criteria of Negro Art†.   1926.   The Crisis. November 7 2007. .Gates, Henry Louis, and Gene Andrew Jarrett. â€Å"Introduction to the New Negro.†Ã‚   The New Negro: Readin gs on Race, Representation, and African American Culture, 1892-1938. Ed. Alain Locke. New York: Atheneum, 1968. 3-16.Hughes, Langston. â€Å"The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain†.   1926.   The Nation. November 7 2007. .Locke, Alain. â€Å"Introduction to the New Negro.† New York: Atheneum, 1968. 3-16.Schuyler, George S. â€Å"The Negro-Art Hokum.† Nation 122 (1926).

The Theory Of The Social Work Profession - 1102 Words

retical Perspective The theory that most closely explains and addresses this phenomenon is the ecological theory. In this theory it states that many factors contribute to one main problem. In this case the main issue is poverty. Poverty, according to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is the lowest possible level that a person can be. In order to move out of this level one must first acquire food, water, shelter and a sense of safety. Programs and policies aimed at solving poverty is that sense of safety. With safety a person may feel comfort in that they know that they can receive their basic needs. Still, factors such as stress, worrying about the termination of these services, and stigma remain which can lead to weight gain, poor mental and†¦show more content†¦Women, minorities and children have been in the forefront of poverty for decades. Although we have made slight changes in how we perceive poverty, race and obesity as a whole, we still have a long way to go in ord er to de-stigmatize these factors for good. Factors Contributing To Obesity and Poverty Limited Resources Limited resources such as transportation, education, and opportunities contribute to obesity and poverty in a big way. Those who lack reliable transportation or money for reliable transportation are limited in where they can go (Lee, 2012), this in turn can result in a sedentary lifestyle in which can lead to obesity. Those who do not have a mode of reliable transportation are not only limited to the amount of places that they can go, but also limited to the amount of groceries, toiletries, and other essentials that they can buy (Lee, 2012). When limited, people often buy cheap, long lasting and if walking or using the bus, lighter weighted foods (Lee, 2012).Lee also states that these individuals may only have access to convenience stores in which lack an array of nutritional food options. A lack of education causes one to greatly limit the amount of jobs in which they can obtain and less chances of receiving a raise. Those who live in impoverished areas also lack o pportunities such as attending college, joining activities, and moving up in social class. Lack of Access to Affordable Healthy Food Options It seems